Bayan Mutuwar Mutum 241, an Gano Dalilai 4 da Su Iya Jawo Hatsarin Jirgin Air India

India - Binciken na musamman ne kawai zai bayyana ainihin abin da ya jawo jirgin Air India (Flight AI171) ya yi hatsari a Ahmedabad a hanyarsa ta zuwa London Gatwick.

Sani Hamza, kwararren edita ne a fannin nishadi, al'amuran yau da kullum da kuma siyasa. Sani yana da shekaru sama da biyar a aikin jarida

Amma masana harkar sufurin jiragen sama sun ce lokutan farko bayan tashin daga kasa zuwa sama na daga cikin mafi hadari a bangaren sufurin jiragen sama.

Nazari kan hatsarin jirgin Air India

Rahoton BBC ya nuna cewa kwararru daga Indiya, Amurka da Birtaniya za su gudanar da cikakken bincike a cikin ‘yan kwanakin nan.

A yayin binciken, an ce masanan za su nemi gano musabbabin hatsarin da ya auku da jirgin Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner jim kadan bayan tashinsa daga filin jirgin Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International, nisan kilomita 1.5 kacal daga inda ya tashi.

Wannan shi ne karo na farko da irin wannan jirgi ya fuskanci hatsarin da ya yi sanadin asarar rai tun bayan fara amfani da shi a shekarar 2011. Akalla mutane 241 ne aka ce suka mutu a hatsarin na ranar Alhamis.

Kwararru a harkar jirgin sama da kuma wasu matuka jiragen sama da ke aiki a Indiya sun tattauna kan abin da ka iya jawo fadowar jirgin a tsakiyar unguwar Ahmedabad, daƙiƙu kaɗan bayan tashinsa.

1. Gazawar jirgin Air India na tashi sama

Rahoto ya nuna cewa Kyaftin Sumeet Sabharwal da abokin aikinsa Clive Kundar ne suka tuka jirgin Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner, kuma an tabbatar da kwarewar kowannensu.

An kuma rahoto cewa Kyaftin Sumeet Sabharwal yana da kwarewar tuki ta fiye da shekaru 22 kuma ya shafe fiye da sa’o’i 8,000 yana tukin jirgi.

Jirgin Air India dai yana dauke da mutane 242 lokacin da Kyaftin Sumeet ya tuka shi a filin jirgin sama na Ahmedabad da misalin karfe 1:39 na rana, agogon India (08:09 GMT).

Ministan harkokin cikin gida na India, Amit Shah, ya ce jirgin yana dauke da ton 100 na mai, wanda kusan shi ne kololuwar cikarsa, lokacin da ya fara tashi sama daga Ahmedabad.

Jim kadan bayan tashinsa, matukan jirgin suka aika da kiran gaggawa na “Mayday”, in ji hukumar kula da harkokin jirgin sama ta Indiya, kamar yadda muka ruwaito.

Bayan hakan, ba a sake jin duriyar jirgin ba, kuma har yanzu ba a san dalilin wannan kiran gaggawa ba, amma wanda ya tsira daga cikin jirgin ya shaida wa kafafen yada labarai na Indiya cewa ya ji kara mai karfi lokacin da jirgin ke kokarin hawa sama.

Wani bidiyo da aka tantance ya nuna jirgin na shawagi a saman wata unguwa da ke Ahmedabad. Bayanai na ƙarshe da jirgin ya aika sun nuna cewa ya kai tsayin kafa 625 (190m) kacal.

Amma daga nan ne kuma jirgin ya fara sullubowa kasa, ya bace a cikin bishiyoyi da gine-gine kafin a ga wata fashewa mai karfi daga nesa.

Wani matukin jirgi da ya nemi a sakaya sunansa, ya shaida cewa babu abin da matukan jirgin za su iya yi idan ya zamana cewa gaba daya injinan jirgin biyu sun daina aiki tare.

Binciken da aka gudanar, ya nuna cewa jirgin Flight AI171 bai dauki fiye da daƙiƙa 30 a sararin samaniya ba, a lokacin da ya fado.

An ce jirgin ya fadi a cikin unguwar da mutane ke zama, kuma hotuna sun nuna yadda gine-gine da dama suka rushe a cikin unguwar, har wasu da ke zama a wajen suka mutu.

2. Hasashen lalacewar duka injinan jirgin biyu

A halin yanzu ba zai yiwu a fayyace abin da ya haddasa hatsarin ba bisa bidiyoyin da suka bayyana kafin faduwar jirgin.

A cikin 'yan kwanakin nan, za a fara cikakken bincike da zai hada da nazarin “black box” na jirgin (wanda ke dauke da bayanan tuki) da kuma binciken baraguzan jirgin.

Amma bidiyon da ke yawo yanzu ya nuna jirgin yana fafutukar tashi sama da daidaituwa a sama jim kadan bayan tashinsa, kamar dai bai da isasshen karfin tashin.

Wasu kwararru na ganin akwai yiwuwar cewa injinan jirgin biyu sun daina aiki lokaci guda, duk da cewa ba kasafai injinan jirgi ke daina aiki a tare.

An fara tambayar ko jirgin ya fito da Ram Air Turbine (RAT) (wani karamar inji) na gaggawa da ke taimakawa jirgi idan manyan injinansa suka kasa samar da wuta gare shi.

Irin wannan matsala ta faru ne a shekarar 2009 a cikin abin da aka fi sani da “Abin al'ajabi a Hudson”, lokacin da jirgin US Airways Airbus A320 ya fuskanci lalacewar duka injinansa bayan karo da tsuntsaye, amma duk da hakan, ya iya sauka lafiya.

Wani babban matuki ya bayyana wa manema labarai cewa matsalar injinan biyu na iya faruwa saboda gurbacewar mai ko toshewar bututunsa.

A cewar matukin, injin jirgi yana bukatar daidaitaccen tsarin rarraba mai, wanda idan aka samu matsala, injin na iya bugawa, ya daina aiki.

Marco Chan, tsohon matuki, ya shaidawa BBC Verify cewa babu wata hujja a yanzu da ke nuna cewa matsalar injinan biyu ce ta haddasa hatsarin bisa bidiyon da ake da su.

Mohan Ranganathan, wani masani a fannin sufurin sama, ya ce matsalar duka injinan biyu “lamari ne da ke da matuƙar wuyar faruwa”.

Kamfanin GE Aerospace mai kera injinan jirgi ya ce zai aika da tawaga zuwa Indiya domin taimaka wa binciken, yayin da Boeing ta ce tana ba Air India cikakken goyon baya.

3. Yiwuwar jirgin ya yi karo da tsuntsaye

Wani babban dalili da masana ke ganin na iya sanya jirgin Air India ya yi hatsari shi ne idan ya yi karo da tsuntsaye, wanda ka iya shafar sarrafa jirgin.

Wannan yana faruwa ne idan jirgi ya yi karo da tsuntsu, kuma hakan yana iya zama babban hadari idan tsuntsun ya shiga injin, domin injin na iya rasa karfi aiki ko ya kama da wuta.

Irin hakan ta taba faruwa da wani jirgin Jeju Air na Koriya ta Kudu, inda ya yi karo da tsuntsu,, hatsarin da ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane 179 a bara, inji rahoton Sky News.

Masanan da kuma matuka jirgi da ke da masaniya da filin jirgin sama na Ahmedabad sun bayyana wa manema labarai cewa wurin na da yawan tsuntsaye sosai.

“Kusan kullum za ka gansu suna shawagi a saman filin,” in ji Ranganathan, yana mai maimaita abin da wasu matuka jirgi guda uku da ke tashi daga filin jirgin suka fada.

Rahotanni daga ma’aikatar harkokin sufurin jiragen sama ta Indiya sun nuna cewa jihar Gujarat, inda Ahmedabad take, ta samu rahoton jirgi ya yi karo da tsuntsaye sau 462 cikin shekaru biyar, mafi yawan su a filin jirgin na Ahmedabad.

Rahoton jaridar Times of India na Satumbar 2023 ya nuna cewa hukumar filin jirgin ta bayyana cewa an samu karo da tsuntsaye sau 38 a 2022/2023, wanda ya karu da 35% fiye da shekarar da ta gabata.

Sai dai wani babban matuki ya ce yin karo da tsuntsu ba ya kai ga faduwar jirgin sama “sai dai idan tsuntsun ya shiga dukkanin injinan biyu”.

4. Flaps: Ko matsalar ta faru ne daga fuka-fukan jirgin?

Masana uku da suka zanta da maneman labarai sun nuna yiyuwar cewa hatsarin ya faru ne saboda ba a bude flaps na jirgin lokacin tashi ba, kodayake wasu matuka jirgin da masana sun kalubalanci hakan.

Flaps wasu bangarori ne na jigin fuka-fukan jirgi da ke da matukar muhimmanci lokacin tashin jirgi daga kasa, domin suna taimaka wa jirgi samun karfin ɗagawa a ƙanƙanin lokaci.

Idan ba a bude su yadda ya kamata ba, jirgi da ke dauke da cikakken nauyi ( fasinjoji, mai da ke da yawa domin tafiyar dogon zango, da kuma tsananin zafi) zai sha wahala wajen tashi sama.

A Ahmedabad, inda zafin ya kai 40°C (104F) a ranar Alhamis, iska mai laushi na bukatar flaps da kuma karfin injin domin tashi, in ji wani matuki. A irin wannan yanayi, kuskure kadan na iya janyo babbar matsala.

Bidiyon CCTV da ya bayyana daga baya a ranar Alhamis ya nuna jirgin na kokarin tashi daga Ahmedabad, amma yana wahalar hawa sama, kafin daga bisani ya sullobo a hankali ya fadi.

Sai dai wani matuki ya bayyana cewa idan jirgi ya tashi ba tare da flaps ba, za a sami gargadi daga tsarin 787 mai suna Take-off Configuration, wanda ke sanar da matuka cewa jirgin ba ya da daidaitaccen yanayi na tashi.

Tsohon matuki, Mr Chan, ya shaida wa manema labarai cewa bidiyon da aka samu a yanzu yana da wuyar tantance wa ko flaps din sun bude, amma ya ce abin mamaki ne a samu irin wannan kuskure.

Mutum 1 ya tsira daga hatsarin jirgin Air India

A wani labarin, mun ruwaito cewa, mutum daya tilo dan asalin Burtaniya daga cikin fasinjoji 242 ya tsira a hatsarin jirgin Air India, wanda ya faru a ranar Alhamis.

Yayin da Vishwash Kumar Ramesh, ya ce komai ya faru ne a kan idonsa, ya ce ya tsira daga hatsarin ne lokacin da ƙofar jirgin ta buɗe.

Jirgin ya fado kan gidajen mutane a Ahmabad jim kadan bayan tashinsa, kuma Ramesh ya ce ya ji lokacin da injin jirgin ya fara ƙara.

Asali: Legit.ng