Kimiyya: Shin ina ne asalin dan-Adam, kuma meye alakarsa da sauran halittun duniya?

Samuwar dan Adam wani abu ne da a ilimance, a iya cewa kacibis ne da arziki, inda a cikin sabular halittu, har aka kai ga samun wata dabba da kwakwalwarta ta iya fayyace gobe da jibi, ta san ita mutum ce, kuma take iya fitar da zance, wannan abin al'ajab ne ga mai duba da idon basira.

Wannan rubutu dai, ba ra'ayin marubuci bane, ba kuma ra'ayin jaridar Legit.ng bane, rubutu ne da ilimin boko ya tabbatar da sahihancinsa, kuma ake koyarwa a makarantun boko a kimiyya.

A turance, Evolution Theory, shine fayyataccen ilimi da ya bayyana asalin yadda halittu suka faro, shekaru biliyan hudu da farowar wannan duniyar. Halittu masu rai, sun faro ne daga chemicals, kamar su carbon da hydrogen da suka zamo amino acids, daga nan suka zamo proteins, sai kuma suka rikide suka fara kwapar juna, wato copy (replicating molecules), har suka zama dna, (deoxyribonucleic acid), wanda shi ya zama ummul-aba'isin dukkan halittu.

Hayayyafarsu kuma, yadda suke kwape-kwape da kansu, ita ta zamo wanzuwa, wato life, rayuwa kenan. Kuma ita wannan hayayyafar har yanzu a kanta ake, ta hanyar saduwa ga reshen dabbobi (sexual reproduction), ga tsirrai kuma, yaduwa.

Ta evolution ne aka gano cewa ashe, dabbobi, dukka dangi daya ne, harda mutane, sun kuma faro daga na ruwa, (aquatic animals), kamar kifaye, wasunsu suka zaqe, suka zamo na tudu (land animals), amma masu son ruwa (amphibians), kamar kwadi, daga nan sai wasun su suka yi gaba suka yi zaman doron duniya ba tare da ma ruwa ba, kamar kadangaru (reptiles), daga kadangaru, sai aka sami tsuntsaye (birds), a gaba kuma, sai masu nono da mahaifa suka bulla daga tsatson kadangarun, sune mammals.

Adaptation, wato daidaituwar halitta da yanayi da wurin zama, ita ta samar da sabawar halittu, ko da kuwa daga tsatso daya suka fito, misali, a halittar mage da damisa. Kuma shi ya sanya mage ta iya cin tuwo, saboda zama da mutane, ya kuma bar damisa cin nama.

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Ita dai wannan fahimta ta sami cikas sosai, da al'adu da addinai, wadanda suka ginu bisa imani da shaci fadi na mutanen da, koda kuwa babu wata hujja da suka iya kawowa, sai dai fa a hana tambaya saboda kada ayi sabo ko zunubi, duk kuwa da cewa, akwai hujjoji da suka tabbatar da hakan. Misali, qasusuwa da ake samowa a karkashin kasa, wato fossils, sun nuna duk yadda dangogin dabbobi suke a zamunnan da can, miliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce.

Kuma zurfi zuwa zurfi na inda ake iya hako su yana nuni da dadewarsu a kasa. Misali, idan ana hakar rijiya, a mita 3, in aka ga qashi, sannan aka gano cewa shekaru 100 da suka wuce ne dabbar ta mutu, sai kuma aka ci gaba da haka, har aka kara ganin wani qashi, a zurfi na mita 6, ya nuna an fi shekaru 200 kenan ita kuma da binnuwar wannan dabbar, kenan ta girmi ta farko.

Sai kuma hujjar genetics wato sanin kwayoyin halittu; ta nan ma, an gano cewa, dukkan halittu suna da sinadarai iri daya ne, sai dai banbanci da bai fi cikin cokali ba, kuma yana danganta ne daga dangi, zuwa dangi, wato species. Genetics, shi ya bada damar iya hada magunguna da gwaje-gwajen cutuka kan dabbobi masu kwayoyin halitta daya da mutane, kamar beraye, birrai da aladu.

Karin hujja shi ne carbon dating, wato yadda ake iya tsotso sinadarin carbon da yadda yake konewa/rubewa, lokaci zuwa lokaci, wato decay ta hanyar radiation, tunda kowanne mai rai yana da carbon atoms, wanda sune ginshikin halittar mu, an sake gano alakar mu da sauran halittun duniya harma da bishiyoyi.

Akwai karin hujjoji, ga mai son ya kara sani, sai ya koma littafan kimiyya na sakandare, ko kuma a duba shafukan ilimi a bidiyo a youtube, ko a karance a encyclopedia, ko tambaya ga malamai (wadanda suka san abin) a aji a makaranta. Ko marubucin a sakon tes kawai ta lambar waya (+2348032880989).

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